Pharma Quiz- Porphyria

ANSWER: a) Aldactone

DESCRIPTION

Porphyria is a condition in which there is excessive metabolism of blood pigment that is hemoglobin, which may be either hereditary. The urine turns dark on exposure to light. People with porphyria have mental disturbances and also high sensitivity to the light. Drug such as Aldactone which contains Spironolactone should be used with caution in patients having porphyria. Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic as well as aldosterone receptor antagonist.

Pharma Quiz- Paresthesia

ANSWER: b) Diamox

DESCRIPTION

Diamox contains acetazolamide which is carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It is available as a diuretic. It is used in the treatment of glaucoma, epileptic seizures and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The most common side effect of Diamox is paresthesia.

Pharma Quiz- Vaginal Bleeding

ANSWER: a) Cytotec

DESCRIPTION

Cytotec contains Misoprostol which is prostaglandin analogue; it is used to induce abortion by uterine contractions, hence produces abnormal vaginal bleeding.

Pharma Quiz- Zofran

Answer:  b) Zofran

DESCRIPTION

Zofran contains ondansetron which is used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting due to cancer chemotherapy and also after surgery. The common side effect of which is either diarrhea or constipation.

PHARMA BCQ-VACCINE

ANSWER: a) Rotarix

DESCRIPTION

Attenuated vaccines are the one which contains the live virus with less virulence activity, in which the activity of the pathogen is altered to less virulence or harmless when it is taken by the human as vaccine.

Rotarix is live attenuated rotavirus vaccine which is available in the form of powder for reconstitution for oral use. Rotavirus infects infants and young children, leading to fever, vomiting and diarrhea, sometimes, can be fatal due to severe dehydration. So vaccination is done during the early in the life time. If the virus is already present in the new born then difficult to manage and even it is not effective for fever, vomiting or diarrhea due to any other cause than rotavirus.

PHARMA QUIZ- VACCINE

ANSWER: c) Twinrix

DESCRIPTION    

    

Twinrix is a vaccine used against Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B. It is manufactured by GSK. It contains Hepatitis A virus units and Hepatitis B surface antigens thus provide protection against both Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B virus.

PHARMA BCQ- HALOPERIDOL

ANSWER: c) Parkinson’s Disease

DESCRIPTION

Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic drug which is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, motor tics, intractable hiccups and severe anxiety. It is never used in Parkinson’s disease as it worsens the situation.

PHARMA BCQ-ANESTHESIA

ANSWER: c) is used to maintain epidural anesthesia.

DESCRIPTION

Bupivacaine is an anesthetic which is used as continuous epidural analgesia in labor. It starts its action slowly but the action lasts long. It works in 15 minutes and the effect persists for about 8 hours. It is used as freeze epidural anesthesia. Xylocaine is the brand name of Lidocaine which is used in dentistry.

PHARMA QUIZ- NASAL PREPARATION

ANSWER: e) Nasonex

DESCRIPTION

Both Nasonex and Rhinocort contain corticosteroid.

Rhinocort Aqua contains Budesonide is a steroid used in allergic rhinitis, asthma, congestion; it is available as nasal spray.

Molcer contains docusate sodium used to remove ear wax.

Otrivine contains xylometazoline is used as topical nasal decongestant. It is available as nasal spray.

Nasonex contains mometasone furoate monohydrate, is a glucocorticosteroid used in asthma, allergic rhinitis.

Emadine contains Emedastine difumarate is antihistamine, is used in ophthalmic solution to treat allergic conjunctivitis.

Sudafed contains pseudoephedrine is a decongestant used to treat hay fever, runny nose, rhinitis.

PHARMA BCQ-INSOMNIA

ANSWER: a) Buspar

DESCRIPTION

Insomnia is habitual sleeplessness or inability to fall asleep. There is a different no. of medicines given to induce sleep.

Stilnoct is Zolpidem is used in the treatment of insomnia.

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine which is also used to induce sleep.

Heminevrin contains Clomethiazole is also sedative and hypnotic medicine.

Buspar contains Buspirone is anxiolytic psychotropic drug which used to treat short-term anxiety. It is not related to benzodiazepine or barbiturate.

Phenergan is Promethazine is first generation antihistamine of the phenothiazine family which is used to induce sleep in insomnia.

PHARMA BCQ- CONTACT DERMATITIS

ANSWER: b) Hydrocortisone

DESCRIPTION

Contact Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin, due to exposure to the allergen or irritant. Phototoxic dermatitis appears when allergen or irritant producing dermatitis on exposure to sunlight. Hydrocortisone cream can be used once or twice daily for a period of one week for contact dermatitis.

Eurax is Crotamiton treats severe itching.

Canesten HC cream contains clotrimazole an antifungal agent and hydrocortisone which is anti-inflammatory agent.

Clarityn tablets contain Loratadine which is antihistamine used to treat the symptoms of hay fever and hives.

Pevaryl cream contains econazole which is antifungal medicine.

PHARMA QUIZ-BCQ- ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES

ANSWER:  a) it contains norgestimate

DESCRIPTION

Cilest contains ethinyl estradiol and norgestimate. It is a contraceptive medicine. Cilest contains ethinyl estradiol which is similar to estrogen and norgestimate which is similar to progesterone that are produced naturally in the body.

Yasmin is also birth control pill containing ethinyl estradiol and Drospirenone.  Ethinyl estradiol is a derivative of naturally occurring 17-βestradiol. Drospirenone is a steroidal progestin used in some birth control pills.

These both are oral combined contraceptive pills available as tablets, which is taken once daily for 21 days and is also contraindicated in patients with venous thromboembolic disorder. Cilest differs from Yasmin in the steroidal progestin that Cilest contains norgestimate whereas Yasmin contains Drospirenone.

PHARMA QUIZ-BCQ-HPV

ANSWER: e) is used at the age of 9 years and onwards

DESCRIPTION

Gardasil is a recombinant vaccine, is used against human papilloma virus (HSV), which is responsible to cause papilloma or warts, can even lead to cervical, vaginal, anal or penile malignancies. Gardasil is a quadrivalent vaccine effective against certain strains of human papilloma virus such as 6, 11, 16 and 18. Gardasil is administered in three injections in a period of six months. It is preffered to to be given at the age of 9 to 26 years. It is administered by intramuscular route. There are over 170 strains of HPV, out of which 40 are transmitted via sexual contact, of which strains 6 and 11 causes genital warts. Gardasil is used prophylactically against genital precancerous form. As the vaccine does not provide protection against all the strains, so cervical screening is recommended periodically. The exact period of protecting against virus is not established well but estimated to be six years.