MCQ-114

 

Answer: b) Nabumetone.

Nabumetone is non-acidic NSAID which is converted by liver to active metabolite that is 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl acetic acid.

MCQ-113

 

Answer: e) Drospirenone.

MCQ-112

 

Answer: e) All of the above.

Plasma substitutes are any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. These are used in the treatment of hemorrhage or hypovolemic shock.

MCQ-111

 

Answer: e) c & d

Phosphate binding agents prevents the absorption of phosphates from the intestinal tract by forming poorly soluble complexes. They are frequently used in patients of chronic kidney disease as they are less able to excrete phosphate.

MCQ-110

 

Answer: a) Glyceryl trinitrate

 

MCQ-109

 

Answer: b) 150 millimole of Na+ per litre.

Isotonic solution of sodium chloride (0.9 g per 100 ml) for infusion

– Ionic composition:

Sodium (Na⁺)    150 mmol (150 mEq) per litre
Chloride (Cl^–)    150 mmol (150 mEq) per litre

 

MCQ-108

 

Answer: d) Mesalazine

Mesalazine is used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease.

 

MCQ-107

 

Answer: e) Pimozide

MCQ-106

 

Answer: c) Filgrastim

 

MCQ-105

 

Answer: e) Aspirin

MCQ-104

 

Answer: c) Docusate.

Docusate is a surfactant laxative, it reduces tension of the oil water interface of the stool, and increases the expulsion of water and fat in the stool, making it appear softer.

MCQ-103

 

Answer: b) Fenofibrate.

MCQ-102

 

Answer: a) Vitamin A

MCQ-101

 

Answer: c) Doxepin.

MCQ-100

 

Answer: d) Finasteride

Finasteride is 5 α-reductase inhibitor and an antiandrogen, it works by decreasing the production of dihydrotestosterone in the prostate gland, it is less effective than alpha 1 blockers and symptomatic relief is slower in action that is six months or more and if the drug is discontinued the therapeutic benefits are altered in about 6-8 months. 

MCQ-99

 

Answer: a) Aripiprazole         

MCQ-98

 

Answer: c) Amphotericin B

 

MCQ-97

 

Answer :d) Anagrelide

Essential thrombocythaemia is uncommon condition in which body produces too many blood platelets which makes a person feel fatigued, lightheaded, vision changes, headaches and blood clots. Anagrelide is used to reduce platelet formation.

MCQ-96

 

Answer: c) Zalcitabine

Zalcitabine is also called dideoxycytidine is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor is antiretroviral agent.

MCQ-95

 

Answer: e) Amiloride

Amiloride is a potassium sparing diuretic. It works by increasing the amount of sodium and decreasing the amount of potassium released by distal tubule of the kidney.

MCQ-94

 

Answer: c) Activated protein C.

Drotrecogin alfa is a recombinant form of human activated protein C which has anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory and profibrinolytic properties.

MCQ-93

 

Answer: b) 60 mg

Ferrous sulphate is 20% elemental iron by weight. 300 mg of Ferrous sulphate contains 60 mg of elemental iron.

 

MCQ-92

 

Answer: b) Exemestane.

MCQ-91

 

Answer: e) Metformin.

Metformin is first line medicine in the treatment for diabetes type II especially in individuals who are overweight. It decreases gluconeogenesis (glucose production) by liver and it also increases insulin sensitivity in liver, adipose tissue, endothelium, skeletal muscle and ovary.

MCQ-90

 

Answer: d) a & c

Tamoxifen is selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and Fulvestrant is selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), both are antiestrogenic in nature.

MCQ-89

 

Answer: a) Sodium chromoglycate

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is an allergic eye disease characterized by itching, photophobia, burning and tearing. The signs are giant papillae, superficial keratitis and conjunctival hyperaemia. Mast cell stabilizers such as Sodium chromoglycate (2%) 4-5 times a day is very effective in Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, specifically atopic one.

MCQ-88

 

Answer: a) Rituximab

Rituximab destroys both normal and malignant B cells that have CD20 on their surfaces; it is used in diseases where there are too many B cells, overactive or dysfunctional B cells.

MCQ-87

 

Answer: d) Aprotinin.

Aprotinin is a small protein bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) whih is given by injection in complex surgery to prevent bleeding.

MCQ-86

 

Answer: b) Interferon B.

For acute attack on shorter period steroids either intravenous or oral can be given to treat multiple sclerosis, however for long term use n case or relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis interferon beta 1a or 1b can be used.

MCQ-85

 

Answer: b) Tacrolimus

Tacrolimus is a Calcineurin inhibitor, whereas Sirolimus is not a calcineurin inhibitor; however it has similar suppressive effect on the immune system, which is due to its action on mTOR.

 

MCQ-84

 

Answer: e) All of the above

Antipoliferative immunosuppressants are nonspecific in their function, so routinely monitoring of complete blood count is necessary. They suppress immune response in organ rejection after transplant and are also used to treat autoimmune diseases.

MCQ-83

 

Answer: a) Chlorpropamide

Chlorpropamide is a sulfonylurea which has no mild diuretic effect, so it is also used to treat partial central diabetes insipidus.