MCQ-194

 

Answer: d) Clomifene.

Clomifene is having estrogenic as well as antiestrogenic properties; the antiestrogenic property is responsible to induce ovulation. The use of drug results in twins. The course of treatment is once daily for five days.

MCQ-193

 

Answer:e) Trimetaphan

MCQ-192

 

Answer: c) Rafoxanide

Fasciolosis/ Fascioliasis is parasitic worm infection caused by common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. It is plant borne infestation, it affects humans, but main host is cattle and sheep. Initially it is asymptomatic, in later phases causes bile duct, gall bladder inflammation, gall stones, fibrosis as well as jaundice and respiratory problems, it also increases risk for cancer.

Rafoxanide is salicylanilide which is used in ruminant animals as antifascioliasis.

MCQ-191

 

Answer: c) Digoxin

MCQ-190

 

c) Atomoxetine

MCQ-189

 

Answer: c) Procainamide

It is class Ia anti-arrhythmic drug, it also has local anesthetic effect on myocardium, by causing voltage dependent open channel block on the batrachotoxin (BTX)  activated channels in cardiomyocytes. It causes shock as a side effect.             

MCQ-188

 

Answer: a) Nandrolone

Anabolic steroids are steroids that are synthesized and are structurally related to testosterone. The use in women causes irreversible masculinization. The use of anabolic steroids by the athletes for muscular strength has been banned. These are used in osteoporosis, breast cancer, muscle wasting and other conditions. Nandrolone is 19-nortestosterone is an anabolic steroid.

MCQ-187

 

Answer: a) Sublingual Nitroglycerine

 

MCQ-186

 

Answer: e) Amrinone

Amrinone is pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor which is used for short term in the management of congestive heart failure. It increases cardiac contractility and also acts as a vasodilator.

MCQ-185

 

Answer: c) Dantrolene

Malignant hyperthermia is a type of severe reaction due to exposure to generalized anaesthetic resulting in high grade fever, muscle rigidity, high blood potassium, fast heart rate and muscle breakdown. Dantrolene is used in malignant hyperthermia as it causes relaxation of muscles and treating the muscles spasms and stiffiness by decreasing calcium in muscle cells.

MCQ-184

 

Answer: b) Flumazenil.

Flumazenil is benzodiazepine antagonist worked via competitive inhibition in benzodiazepine overdose. It works as GABA A receptor antagonist.

MCQ-183

 

Answer: c) Suxamethonium

Suxamethonium is depolarizing muscle relaxant that works as acetylcholine receptor agonist, it does not allow binding of the acetylcholine to the receptor and results in skeletal muscle relaxation. Its use is limited for short term muscle relaxation in anesthesia and intensive care for endotracheal intubation.

MCQ-182

 

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Answer: b) Hyoscine

MCQ-181

 

Answer: a) Drotrecogin alfa

Drotrecogin alfa does not improve mortality in severe sepsis or septic shock but increases the bleeding risks, because of being anti-inflammatory, profibrinolytic and anti-thrombotic properties.

MCQ-180

 

Answer: d) Benzyl Penicillin

MCQ-179

 

Answer: d) Halothane

Halothane is volatile liquid having sweet chloroform like odor and is used as a generalized anaesthetic.

MCQ-178

 

Answer: a) BCG vaccine

Immunocompromised patients such as HIV patients cannot take BCG vaccine.

MCQ-177

 

Answer: c) Naloxone hydrochloride

 

MCQ-176

 

Answer: c) Entacapone

Entacapone is Catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitor which is used as adjunct to levodopa, it inhibits levodopa metabolism in the periphery, increasing plasma levodopa levels and dopaminergic stimulation, thus reducing signs and symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.

MCQ-175

 

Answer: d) Influenza vaccine.

 

MCQ-174

 

Answer: d) Aluminium chloride

Aluminium chloride is used over the counter to treat excessive sweating.

MCQ-173

 

Answer: c) Cetrimide

Cetrimide is cationic surfactant and as soap and creams it is used as antiseptic against various bacteria and fungi.

MCQ-172

 

Answer: a) Permethrin.

Permethrin is used to treat scabies and lice. It is used in the form of cream or lotion.

MCQ-171

 

Answer: b) Idoxuridine.

Idoxuridine is anti-herpes virus anti-viral drug.

MCQ-170

 

Answer: c) Silver sulfadiazine.

Silver sulfadiazine is topical antibiotic used in partial thickness and full thickness burns to prevent spread of infection.

MCQ-169

 

Answer: b) Ketoconazole

Ketoconazole is a medicated shampoo used to treat fungal infections of the scalp.

MCQ-168

 

Answer: a) Diclofenac Sodium

Topical diclofenac sodium gel is used in the treatment of Actinic Keratosis.

MCQ-167

 

Answer: a) Glutaraldehyde

Glutaraldehyde is used to treat warts on the bottom of the foot.

MCQ-166

 

Answer: a) Azelaic acid

Azelaic acid is available as 15%, 20 % cream to treat mild to moderate acne. It works by killing bacteria, as well as it decreases the production of keratin which is a natural substance involved in the growth of acne bacteria.

MCQ-165

 

Answer: b) Bupropion

MCQ-164

 

Answer: b) Acitretin.

Acitretin is a second generation retinoid used in psoriasis.

MCQ-163

 

Answer: d) Potassium permanganate

MCQ-162

 

Answer: d) All of the above.

MCQ-161

 

Answer: b) Coal tar.

Coal tar is having anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-parasitic and anti-itch properties, it is available as shampoo, ointment and soap. It is used to treat dandruff, psoriasis and head lice.

MCQ-160

 

Answer: b) Hydrocortisone

MCQ-159

 

Answer: e) Atomoxetine

MCQ-158

 

Answer:b) Vitamin K

MCQ-157

 

Answer: a) Ointments.

MCQ-156

 

Answer: d) Hydrogen Peroxide.

Vincent’s disease is a dental illness characterized by foul odor to the breath and bleeding gums caused by bacterium Fusobacterium fusiforme. Hydrogen peroxide mouth wash is used as an oxidizing agent in killing anaerobic bacteria in acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis.

MCQ-155

 

Answer: b) 20%

 

MCQ-154

 

Answer: e) Azelastine hydrochloride.

Azelastine is second generation antihistamine which is used in the form of nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

MCQ-153

 

Answer: b) Aluminium acetate.

Wetness in otitis externa causes bacterial and fungal growth characterized by pain and inflammation. Aluminium acetate acts as astringent to the cause defined and treats the infection and relieves pain and inflammation.

MCQ-152

 

Answer: d) Tranylcypromine.

Tranylcypromine is non-hydrazine monoamine oxidase inhibitor used as antidepressant, it has diminished propensity to cause hepatotoxicity.

MCQ-151

 

Answer: c) Kaolin.

MCQ-150

 

Answer: c) Pegaptanib sodium.

Age related macular degeneration is a medical condition that may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field. Pegaptanib sodium is vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor that works by inhibiting growth if blood vessels within the eye and thus prevents leakage and swelling.

MCQ-149

 

Answer: d) Tacrine.

MCQ-148

 

Answer: b) Somatropin.

MCQ-147

 

Answer: b) Danazol.                 

Danazol is a synthetic androstane steroid with a weak antigonadotropin activity via acting through pituitary axis. It is used in the treatment of hereditary angioedema, fibrocystic breast disease and endometriosis.

MCQ-146

 

Answer: a) Docusate                

Docusate is surfactant laxative, it reduces tension of the oil water interface of the stool by incorporating more water and fat in the stool, making it softer and easier to pass.

MCQ-145

 

Answer: b) Latanoprost.