Pharma BCQ- Vasomotor symptoms

ANSWER: b) 1, 2

DESCRIPTION          

Premarin is used to treat the vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause in patients who have passed through hysterectomy.  Livial contains Tibolone which has oestrogenic, progestogenic and weak androgenic activity, so is used to treat the vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. Yasmin is combined oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol and drospirenone and is not used to treat vasomotor symptoms of menopause.

Pharma BCQ- Dydrogesterone

ANSWER: a) 1, 2, 3

DESCRIPTION          

Dydrogesterone is progesterone analogue, whose one of the indication is in endometriosis. Endometriosis is a medical condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus. Dydrogesterone is given at a dose of 10 mg twice or thrice daily.it is contraindicated in liver impairment or liver tumors.

Pharma BCQ- Cytotoxic Drug

ANSWER: b) 1, 2

DESCRIPTION          

Cyclophosphamide is alkylating neoplastic, and Capecitabine which is antimetabolite neoplastic agent are used orally, whereas Carboplatin which is a platinum compound can be administered parenterally via intravenous route.

Pharma BCQ- Bromocriptine

ANSWER: c) 2, 3

DESCRIPTION          

Bromocriptine which is dopamine agonist must be taken in caution with psychotic disorders such as Schizophrenia and also requires monitoring of pituitary function in pregnancy. There is no need to decrease the dose or stop the drug in renal impairment.

Pharma BCQ- Tamoxifen

ANSWER: c) 2, 3

DESCRIPTION          

Tamoxifen is estrogen receptor antagonist; it is used to treat breast cancer of the metastatic disease in the postmenopausal women. It is given at a dose of 20 mg once daily. It increases the risk of endometrial cancer. It is given in combination with chemotherapeutic agent. It is prior to use as risk verses benefit means.

Pharma BCQ- Interferon

ANSWER: c) 2, 3

DESCRIPTION          

Interferon beta is used in multiple sclerosis. It is administered only parenterally not orally. It produces irritation at the site of injection; also it produces influenza like symptoms such as fever, malaise, myalgia, and headache. The side-effects decrease with time.

Pharma BCQ- Tinea pedis

ANSWER:  a) 1, 2, 3

DESCRIPTION

Tinea pedis is Athlete’s foot which is a fungal disease which affects the foot. It classically affects between the fourth and fifth interdigital space. The disease appears as itchiness, redness or soreness in the area, with the later in the stage causes macerated skin, or blisters.

Pharma BCQ- Acute Bronchitis

ANSWER: a) 1, 2, 3

DESCRIPTION

Acute bronchitis is characterized by chest tightness, shortness of breath, wheezing, sore throat, and cough beyond 10 days and may contain colorless or purulent sputum and low grade fever.

Pharma BCQ- Lice Infestation

ANSWER: d) 1 only

DESCRIPTION

Hair lice can be detected by hair combing. Itchy scalp is not necessarily being associated due to lice, not all the children with hair lice could have the symptom. Itching can appear due to allergic reaction which can be prominent after few weeks of the infestation and may persist for some time after its eradication; both clean and dirty hair can be susceptible to the infestation of lice.

Pharma BCQ- Tuberculosis

ANSWER:  a) 1, 2, 3

DESCRIPTION

The symptoms of tuberculosis which are mild in the early stage include fever, persistent cough and weight loss.

Pharma BCQ- Carcinoma of the Large Bowel

ANSWER: a) 1, 2, 3

DESCRIPTION

Carcinoma is the carcinoma that arises from the epithelial cells; it begins from the tissues that line the inner or outer surfaces of the body. The carcinoma of the large bowel could present with the bowel obstruction, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, constipation or diarrhea. The blood in stool (melaena) may also be present. The carcinoma of the large bowel is at the advanced stage.

Pharma BCQ- Diabetes

ANSWER: b) 1, 2

DESCRIPTION

In diabetes it is advised to the patient to detect the glucose levels every 24 hour which provides the glucose conc. in blood at the time.  It is advised to regularly check blood sugar in order to avoid fluctuations in blood glucose conc. It is not recommended to adjust the insulin dose on daily basis, unless the illness is such that the patient is under medical supervision. It is recommended to adjust the dose once or twice weekly.

Pharma BCQ- Deep Vein Thrombosis

ANSWER: b) 1, 2      

                                                               

DESCRIPTION

Deep vein thrombosis is the thrombus in the veins, affecting the lower legs, characterized by the edema, pain and lower legs appear to be bluish or black in color due to hindered blood circulation.

Pharma BCQ- Mefloquine

ANSWER: e) 1, 2, 3

DESCRIPTION

Mefloquine is used in prophylaxis against malaria. It is advised to take it regularly and avoid mosquitoes bite. The drug may produce dizziness as a side-effect.